Pesquisa | SciELO

BACKGROUND Eosinophils are granulocytes that rapidly increase frequency in the bloodstream during helminthic infections and allergic responses. They are found in tissue infected by Leishmania during early disease, but their role during infection is not entirely understood. OBJECTIVES We aim to compare the disease due to Leishmania amazonensis in BALB/c and Δdbl-GATA1 mice, which lack eosinophils. METHODS BALB/c and Δdbl-GATA1 mice infected with L. amazonensis were observed for several weeks. The parasite load and dissemination pattern were assessed. FINDINGS The Δdbl-GATA1 mice developed an anticipated dissemination of L. amazonensis and a worsening disease. No differences were found in the lesion development or the parasite load in the footpad among Δdbl-GATA1 mice and BALB/c eight weeks after infection. However, nine weeks after infection, massive growth of metastatic lesions appeared in several parts of the skin in Δdbl-GATA1 mice, weeks earlier than BALB/c. We observed increased parasites in the bloodstream, probably an essential dissemination route. Thirteen weeks after infection, metastatic lesions were found in all Δdbl-GATA1 mice. MAIN CONCLUSION These results suggest a protective role of eosinophils in delaying the disease caused by L. amazonensis, although several limitations of this mice strain must be considered.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760220242

Craniofacial morphology of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate at two stages of skeletal maturation
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VILLORIA, Eduardo Murad

; SOUKI, Bernardo Quiroga

; ANTUNES, Flávio Lucena

; ASSIS, Marina Araújo Leite

; ANDRADE JÚNIOR, Ildeu

; OLIVEIRA, Dauro Douglas

; SOARES, Rodrigo Villamarim

Brazilian Oral Research

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2023, Volume 37 elocation e009

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The aim of this retrospective cross-sectional investigation was to perform a 3D analysis of craniofacial morphology of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) at two stages of skeletal maturation. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 52 UCLP patients (34 prepubertal; 18 pubertal) were collected from an outpatient referral center for the treatment of craniofacial deformities. In total 15 multiplanar craniofacial landmarks were identified, 3D virtual surface models were created, and 13 variables were measured to assess the 3D Euclidean distances between landmarks and spatial position of the landmarks in the projected X, Y and Z components. Maxillary and mandibular pitch (clockwise, counterclockwise) rotation relative to the cranial base was also evaluated. The significance level was set at 5%. Maxillary retrusion value relative to the cranial base was higher and statistically significant greater (p = 0.028) in pubertal (SNA, 77.4° ± 6.2; N-ANS Y, 3.3 mm ± 3.1) than in prepubertal patients (SNA 81.0° ± 5.2; N-ANS Y, 5.8 mm ± 2.7). The posterior cranial base length (S-Ba Y) was significantly longer (p = 0.013) in pubertal (20.7 mm ± 3.4) than in prepubertal patients (18.4 mm ± 2.7). The upper facial height (N-ANS Z) was significantly greater (p = 0.01) in pubertal (46.9 mm ± 4.5) than in prepubertal patients (43.4 mm ± 3.0). Prepubertal and pubertal UCLP patients presented distinct patterns of craniofacial morphology, mainly in the sagittal component of the maxilla and in the posterior cranial base length. Pubertal patients had greater maxillary retrusion and posterior cranial base length.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0009

Molecular diversity of Sarcocystis spp. in opossums (Didelphis spp.) from Southeastern and Midwestern Brazil
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De Santi, Mariele

; André, Marcos Rogério

; Werther, Karin

; Gonçalves, Luiz Ricardo

; Soares, Rodrigo Martins

; Herrera, Heitor Miraglia

; Santos, Filipe Martins

; Sano, Nayara Yoshie

; Assis, William Oliveira de

; Rucco, Andreza Castro

; Machado, Rosangela Zacarias

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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2023, Volume 32 Nº 1 elocation e014222

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract South American opossums (Didelphis spp.) are definitive hosts of Sarcocystis neurona, Sarcocystis speeri, Sarcocystis lindsayi and Sarcocystis falcatula. In Brazil, diverse studies have demonstrated a high frequency of Sarcocystis falcatula-like in sporocysts derived from opossums, and high genetic diversity has been observed in surface antigen-encoding genes (SAGs). In this study, genetic diversity of Sarcocystis spp. derived from Didelphis albiventris and Didelphis aurita from the cities of Campo Grande and São Paulo, was accessed by sequencing SAG2, SAG3, SAG4, the first internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1). Molecular identification was performed for 16 DNA samples obtained from sporocyst or culture-derived merozoites. The ITS-1, cox1, and SAG3 fragments were cloned, whereas SAG2 and SAG4 were sequenced directly from PCR products. Four alleles variants were found for SAG2, 13 for SAG3 and seven for SAG4, from which four, 13 and four, respectively, were novel. Twenty-seven allele variants were found for ITS-1, all phylogenetically related to S. falcatula-like previously described in Brazil. Sarcocystis sp. phylogenetically related to Sarcocystis rileyi was evidenced by cox1 in three opossums. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of Didelphis spp. as definitive hosts of Sarcocystis spp. other than that previous described.

Resumo Gambás sul-americanos (Didelphis spp.) são hospedeiros definitivos de Sarcocystis neurona, Sarcocystis speeri, Sarcocystis lindsayi e Sarcocystis falcatula. No Brasil, diversos estudos têm demonstrado alta frequência de Sarcocystis falcatula-like em esporocistos derivados de gambás, com grande diversidade nos genes que codificam antígenos de superfície (SAGs). Neste estudo, a diversidade genética de Sarcocystis spp., oriundos de Didelphis albiventris e Didelphis aurita, dos municípios de Campo Grande e São Paulo, foi acessada por meio do sequenciamento de SAG2, SAG3 e SAG4, da primeira região espaçadora interna transcrita (ITS-1) e citocromo c oxidase subunidade I (cox1). Identificação molecular foi realizada em 16 amostras de DNA, obtidas de esporocistos ou merozoítos derivados de cultivo. Os fragmentos de ITS-1, cox1 e SAG3 foram clonados, enquanto SAG2 e SAG4 foram sequenciados diretamente dos produtos de PCR. Quatro alelos foram observados em SAG2, 13 em SAG3 e sete em SAG4, sendo novos quatro, 13 e quatro, respectivamente. Em ITS-1, 27 alelos foram observados, todos filogeneticamente relacionados à S. falcatula-like, previamente detectados no Brasil. Sarcocystis sp. filogeneticamente relacionado à Sarcocystis rileyi foi evidenciado por cox1 em três gambás. Mais estudos são necessários para entender o papel de Didelphis spp. como hospedeiro definitivo de Sarcocystis spp. diferentes daqueles previamente descritos.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612023008

First report of putative Leishmania RNA virus 2 (LRV2) in Leishmania infantum strains from canine and human visceral leishmaniasis cases in the southeast of Brazil
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Rêgo, Felipe Dutra

; da Silva, Eduardo Sérgio

; Lopes, Valeriana Valadares

; Teixeira-Neto, Rafael Gonçalves

; Belo, Vinícius Silva

; Fonseca Júnior, Antônio Augusto

; Pereira, Diego Andrade

; Pena, Heber Paulino

; Laurenti, Márcia Dalastra

; Araújo, Gabriela V

; da Matta, Vânia Lúcia Ribeiro

; Chouman, Islam Hussein

; Burrin, Thainá Bergantin

; Sandoval, Carmen M

; Barrouin-Melo, Stella Maria

; de Pinho, Flaviane Alves

; de Andrade, Hélida Monteiro

; Nunes, Ramon Vieira

; Gontijo, Célia Maria Ferreira

; Soccol, Vanete Thomaz

; Klocek, Donnamae

; Grybchuk, Danyil

; Macedo, Diego Henrique

; do Monte-Neto, Rubens Lima

; Yurchenko, Vyacheslav

; Soares, Rodrigo Pedro

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2023, Volume 118 elocation e230071

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND Leishmania RNA virus 1 (LRV1) is commonly found in South American Leishmania parasites belonging to the subgenus Viannia, whereas Leishmania RNA virus 2 (LRV2) was previously thought to be restricted to the Old-World pathogens of the subgenus Leishmania. OBJECTIVES In this study, we investigated the presence of LRV2 in strains of Leishmania (L.) infantum, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), originating from different hosts, clinical forms, and geographical regions. METHODS A total of seventy-one isolates were screened for LRV2 using semi-nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene. FINDINGS We detected LRV2 in two L. infantum isolates (CUR268 and HP-EMO) from canine and human cases, respectively. MAIN CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detection of LRV2 in the New World.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760230071

Mechanical Properties of Mini-Implants Used in Extra-Radicular Anchorage
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Lopes, Gabriela Barros

; Pithon, Matheus Melo

; Mordente, Carolina Morsani

; Nojima, Lincoln Issamu

; Horta, Martinho Campolina Rebello

; Oliveira, Dauro Douglas

; Soares, Rodrigo Vilamarim

Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada

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2023, Volume 23 elocation e210155

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the mechanical properties of mini-implants (MIs) manufactured from stainless steel and compare them with conventional titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy MIs. Material and Methods: The following groups were formed: G1 (n=24), 8×1.5 mm steel MIs; G2 (n=24), 12×2.0 mm steel MIs; and G3 (n=24), 10×1.5 mm titanium MIs. The 72 MIs were inserted in the infra zygomatic crest region of the maxilla and retromolar trigone in the jaw of 10 pigs. Pull-out, insertion torque, fracture and percussion tests were performed in order to measure the tensile strength, primary stability and fracture strength of MIs. A digital torque gauge was used to measure insertion and fracture torque, a universal mechanical testing machine was used for pull-out testing and a periotest device was used to measure the micromovement of MIs. For morphological and MI component evaluation, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed. D'Agostino & Pearson, Kruskal-Wallis, and Dunn post-hoc and normality tests were used. Results: G2 insertion and fracture torques were significantly higher than G1 and G3 insertion and fracture torques (p<0.05). The pull-out and percussion tests presented similar values among the groups. SEM revealed that the fracture point was predominantly on the fourth thread for steel MIs (G1 and G2) and on the seventh thread for titanium-aluminum-vanadium MIs (G3). Conclusion: The mechanical properties of stainless steel MIs are superior to those of titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy MIs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/pboci.2023.044

A ABOLIÇÃO INDENIZADA: O BANCO DO BRASIL E A PACTUAÇÃO DO TREZE DE MAIO
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Soares, Rodrigo Goyena

Almanack

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2023, Nº 35 elocation ea00423

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The law of May 13, 1888, which abolished slavery in Brazil, offered no reparation whatsoever to slave owners in its two only articles; however, both its instituting cabinet and the one that succeeded it adopted compensatory economic policies of an indemnifying effect, especially for the Bank of Brazil. The first branch of action concerned aid for farming, designed to safeguard Brazil’s productive dynamism and, ultimately, the imperial budget. Linked to the first, the second front concerned the solvency of the banking system, mainly the Bank of Brazil. As the institution had taken enslaved individuals as mortgage collateral, in the absence of a program to incentivize farming, subsequent defaults would impact the Bank’s market value, in a process that would affect its deposits and its assets resulting in a critical financial scenario. The Bank of Brazil held almost 40% of Rio de Janeiro’s banking sector, the largest in the country. It would also be a huge risk for the payment of the public debt, greatly supported by the Bank since the 1870s. Dependent on the institution, the governments of João Alfredo and Ouro Preto injected it with unparalleled liquidity, producing a redoubled indemnity effect, considering that the Bank’s main investors were coffee growers from Rio de Janeiro’s Paraiba Valley. Despite their efforts, the contributions tended to remain in their financial rather than productive form, which only deepened the resentment of the coffee growers in Western São Paulo towards the Court’s agreements, furthering their republican sentiment.

Resumo A Lei de Treze de Maio de 1888, que aboliu o cativeiro no Brasil, não ofereceu em seus dois únicos artigos reparação qualquer aos proprietários de escravos. Todavia, tanto o gabinete que a instituiu quanto aquele que o sucedeu adotaram políticas econômicas compensatórias que tiveram efeito indenizatório especialmente para o Banco do Brasil. A primeira vertente de ação disse respeito aos auxílios à lavoura, projetados no intuito de resguardar o dinamismo produtivo e, em última instância, o orçamento imperial. Atrelada à primeira, a segunda frente referiu-se à solvência do sistema bancário, sobretudo do Banco do Brasil. Como a instituição havia tomado a escravaria como garantia hipotecária, caso não houvesse um programa de incentivos à lavoura, as subsequentes inadimplências impactariam o valor bursátil do Banco, num processo que afetaria seus depósitos e, ao todo, seus ativos. Seria um cenário financeiro crítico. O Banco do Brasil detinha praticamente 40% do setor bancário do Rio de Janeiro, o principal do país. Seria igualmente um risco imenso para o pagamento da dívida pública, muito amparada desde a década de 1870 pelo Banco. Dependentes, pois, da instituição, os governos de João Alfredo e de Ouro Preto injetaram nela ímpar liquidez, produzindo um redobrado efeito indenizatório, a considerar que os principais investidores do Banco do Brasil eram cafeicultores do Vale do Paraíba fluminense. Malgrado os esforços, os aportes tenderam a permanecer em sua forma financeira, e não produtiva, o que apenas aprofundou, republicanizando-os tanto mais, o ressentimento dos cafeicultores do Oeste Paulista quanto às pactuações da Corte.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2236-463335ea00423

Leishmania enriettii visceralises in the trachea, lungs, and spleen of Cavia porcellus
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Alves-Sobrinho, Ednéia Venâncio

; Pinheiro, Lucélia de Jesus

; Paranaíba, Larissa Ferreira

; Fontes, Igor Campos

; Parreiras, Patrícia Martins

; Gontijo, Nelder Figueiredo

; Tafuri, Wagner Luiz

; Laurenti, Márcia Dalastra

; Soares, Rodrigo Pedro

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2022, Volume 117 elocation e220065

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND Leishmania (Mundinia) enriettii is a species commonly found in the guinea pig, Cavia porcellus. Although it is a dermotropic species, there is still an uncertainty regarding its ability to visceralise during Leishmania life cycle. OBJECTIVE Here, we investigated the ability of L. enriettii (strain L88) to visceralise in lungs, trachea, spleen, and liver of C. porcellus, its natural vertebrate host. METHODS Animals were infected sub-cutaneously in the nose and followed for 12 weeks using histological (hematoxilin-eosin) and molecular tools (polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism - PCR-RFLP). To isolate parasite from C. porcellus, animals were experimentally infected for viscera removal and PCR typing targeting hsp70 gene. FINDINGS Histological analysis revealed intense and diffuse inflammation with the presence of amastigotes in the trachea, lung, and spleen up to 12 weeks post-infection (PI). Molecular analysis of paraffin-embedded tissues detected parasite DNA in the trachea and spleen between the 4th and 8th weeks PI. At the 12th PI, no parasite DNA was detected in any of the organs. To confirm that the spleen could serve as a temporary site for L. enriettii, we performed additional in vivo experiments. During 6th week PI, the parasite was isolated from the spleen confirming previous histopathological and PCR observations. MAIN CONCLUSION Leishmania enriettii (strain L88) was able to visceralise in the trachea, lung, and spleen of C. porcellus.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760220065

Information and Communications Technology in Dentistry: an informative and educational approach for patients with fixed orthodontic appliances
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ASSIS, Marina Araújo Leite

; TAVARES, Lílian Dayse Fróes

; BERNARDINO, Aline Pereira

; ROCHA, Breno Amaral

; ABREU, Lucas Guimarães

; OLIVEIRA, Dauro Douglas

; PITHON, Matheus Melo

; SOARES, Rodrigo Villamarim

Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics

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2022, Volume 27 Nº 3 elocation e22spe3

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivos: Desenvolver e disponibilizar, gratuitamente, ferramentas de tecnologia da informação e comunicação (TIC) para a Odontologia, abordando informações e orientações direcionadas a pacientes em tratamento ortodôntico com aparelho fixo. Material e Métodos: Foi elaborado um conteúdo que contemplou informações e orientações concernentes ao tratamento ortodôntico com aparelho fixo. O material, que abrangeu instruções sobre higiene bucal e sobre abordagens diante de possíveis intercorrências, foi avaliado e validado por especialistas. A partir do conteúdo validado, foram elaborados produtos utilizando quatro ferramentas distintas de TIC. Resultados: Foram desenvolvidos os seguintes produtos tecnológicos: um programa para rádios comunitárias, três postagens para blog, quatro vídeos educacionais e informativos, e um aplicativo para smartphones, utilizando não apenas textos, mas também imagens e vídeos. Essas ferramentas de TIC direcionadas a pacientes fazendo uso de aparelho ortodôntico fixo foram disponibilizadas gratuitamente via internet, e já contam com expressivo número de acessos. Conclusões: As ferramentas técnico-científicas, desenvolvidas e fornecidas livremente à população, podem auxiliar pacientes durante o tratamento com aparelho ortodôntico fixo, contribuir para disseminar informações confiáveis e esclarecer dúvidas que surgem durante a terapia ortodôntica. Essas ferramentas gratuitas de TIC facilitam o acesso ao conhecimento científico e, consequentemente, favorecem a inserção social, tendo em vista que esse material educacional e informativo foi ofertado de maneira simples e acessível à população.

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop and make available, at no cost to the user, Information and Communications Technology (ICT) tools for Dentistry, providing dental information and advice geared toward patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. Material and Methods: A Dentistry-based content that contemplated information and advice concerning orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances was elaborated. The materials, which included instructions on oral hygiene and treatment strategies when faced with possible complications, were evaluated and validated by specialists, whose assessments reached a 85% approval. From the validated content, products using four distinct ICT tools were formulated. Results: The following technological products were developed: a program for community radios, three blog posts, four educational and informative videos, and a smartphone application - using texts, as well as images and videos. These ICT tools, geared toward patients wearing fixed orthodontic appliances, were made available by internet at no cost to the user, and the number of accesses is already expressive. Conclusion: These technological-scientific tools, developed and provided freely to the population, can aid patients during their treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances, contributing to the dissemination of reliable information, and clarifying doubts that may arise during orthodontic therapy. These free ICT tools serve to facilitate access to scientific knowledge, thereby favoring social inclusion, bearing in mind that this educational and informative material was offered in a simple and accessible manner to the general population.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.27.3.e22spe3

Detection of Leishmania infantum DNA in blood samples of horses (Equus caballus) and donkeys (Equus asinus) by PCR
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Leonel, João Augusto Franco

; Tannihão, Bruna

; Arantes, Julia Assis

; Vioti, Geovanna

; Benassi, Julia Cristina

; Brandi, Roberta Ariboni

; Ferreira, Helena Lage

; Keid, Lara Borges

; Soares, Rodrigo Martins

; Oliveira, Trícia Maria Ferreira de Sousa

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2021, Volume 63 elocation e12

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected tropical disease caused by the Leishmania infantum parasite. The protozoan is able to infect several domestic and wild mammals. Since the first report on Leishmania spp. infection in horses in South America, leishmaniasis in equids has been highlighted in Brazil. A molecular epidemiological survey was carried out to verify the occurrence of Leishmania spp. DNA in horses and donkeys, in leishmaniases endemic areas in Sao Paulo State, Brazil. To this end, blood samples were obtained from 107 horses and 36 donkeys and subjected to DNA extraction followed by PCR targeting the ITS-1 region. Among the horses and donkeys, 1.87% (2/107) and 8.33% (3/36) were positive by PCR, respectively. The DNA sequencing of the ITS-1 amplification products confirmed L. infantum DNA in these animals. Our results suggest that horses and donkeys from non-VL and VL endemic areas of São Paulo State may be infected by the parasite.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202163012 687 downloads

10.

UM SOLIDÁRIO TREZE DE MAIO: OS AFRO-BRASILEIROS E O TÉRMINO DA ESCRAVIDÃO
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Soares, Rodrigo Goyena

Almanack

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2021, Nº 27 elocation er00221

Resumo: Pt | Texto: Pt | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/2236-463327er00221 198 downloads

11.

Validation of ELISA with recombinant antigens in serological diagnosis of canine Leishmania infantum infection
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Fujimori, Mahyumi

; de Almeida, Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira

; Barrouin-Melo, Stella Maria

; Cortez, Luiz Ricardo Paes de Barros

; Duthie, Malcolm Scott

; Hiramoto, Roberto Mitsuyoshi

; de Pinho, Flaviane Alves

; Reed, Steven Gregory

; Sousa, Valéria Régia Franco

; Souza, Nazaré Fonseca

; Soares, Rodrigo Martins

; Tolezano, José Eduardo

; Sanchez, Maria Carmen Arroyo

; Goto, Hiro

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2021, Volume 116 elocation e200428

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND Dogs are the main peridomiciliary reservoir of Leishmania infantum thus the correct diagnosis of infection is essential for the control of the transmission and treatment as well. However, the diagnosis is based on serological assays that are not fully effective. OBJECTIVE We aimed to establish an effective serological assay for the diagnosis of L. infantum infected dogs using Leishmania-derived recombinant antigens. METHODS Leishmania derived rK39-, rK28-, rKR95-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was standardized using symptomatic and asymptomatic L. infantum-infected dogs. Then 2,530 samples from inquiry in endemic areas for VL were evaluated and the results compared with recommended assays by the Brazilian Ministry of Health (MH algorithm). Further samples from a cohort of 30 dogs were searched. FINDINGS For rK39-, rK28- and rKR95-ELISA the sensitivity was around 97% and specificity 100%. The positivity of these three ELISA in the inquiry samples was 27-28%, around 10% higher than the assays currently in use. When cohort samples were searched, we observed likely false-negative results (> 65%) with supposedly negative samples that turned positive six months later with the assays in use (MH algorithm). MAIN CONCLUSIONS For the diagnosis of L. infantum-infected dogs, rK39-based ELISA showed better diagnostic performance than other assays in use in Brazil and worldwide.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760200428 516 downloads

12.

Leishmania infantum in the reproductive organs of dogs
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Silva, Diogo Tiago da

; Alves, Maria Luana

; Spada, Julio Cesar Pereira

; Leonel, João Augusto Franco

; Benassi, Julia Cristina

; Starke-Buzetti, Wilma Aparecida

; Ferreira, Helena Lage

; Keid, Lara Borges

; Soares, Rodrigo Martins

; Oliveira, Trícia Maria Ferreira de Sousa

Ciência Rural

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2021, Volume 51 Nº 10 elocation e20200825

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Leishmania infantum é agente etiológico da leishmaniose canina. Por meio de análises parasitológicas e moleculares, a presença do parasita foi investigada em órgãos reprodutivos de cães machos e fêmeas. Amostras de tecidos dos órgãos reprodutivos de 8 cães machos e 16 fêmeas diagnosticados com leishmaniose foram avaliadas por histoquímica, imunohistoquímica e PCR. Apesar de não terem sido observadas lesões macroscópicas ou microscópicas nos órgãos reprodutivos desses cães, formas amastigotas de L. infantum foram observadas em amostras teciduais do testículo e útero. A PCR e o sequenciamento do DNA extraído desses tecidos revelaram sequências 100% idênticas a L. infantum depositadas no GenBank. Nossos resultados sugerem que os testículos e o útero podem abrigar o parasita, sem associação com lesões macroscópicas ou microscópicas, o que pode ter uma grande importância na transmissão venérea e vertical da leishmaniose entre cães.

ABSTRACT: Leishmania infantum causes canine leishmaniasis. Using parasitological and molecular analyses, we identified L. infantum in the reproductive organs of male and female dogs. Using histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and PCR, we examined tissue samples from the reproductive organs of 8 male dogs and 16 female dogs diagnosed with leishmaniasis. Despite the absence of macroscopic or microscopic lesions in these organs, we observed L. infantum amastigotes in tissue samples from the testis and the uterus. PCR and sequencing of these tissues revealed sequences that matched 100% with L. infantum DNA available at GenBank. The presence of L. infantum amastigotes and DNA in testicular and uterine tissue samples suggested that these organs can harbor the parasite without associated macroscopic or microscopic lesions, and this can be especially important in the vertical and venereal transmission of leishmaniasis in dogs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20200825 140 downloads

13.

Investigation of canine visceral leishmaniasis in a non-endemic area in Brazil and the comparison of serological and molecular diagnostic tests
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Sevá, Anaiá da Paixão

; Brandão, Ana Pérola Drulla

; Godoy, Silvia Neri

; Soares, Rodrigo Martins

; Langoni, Helio

; Rodrigues, Bruna Cristine

; Gava, Mariana Zanchetta e

; Zanotto, Paula Ferraz de Camargo

; Jimenez-Villegas, Tatiana

; Hiramoto, Roberto

; Ferreira, Fernando

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2021, Volume 54 elocation e0182-2021

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an important zoonosis in Brazil. Previous identification of parasitized dogs can also help prevent the disease in humans, even in non-endemic areas of the country. The Brazilian Ministry of Health recommends diagnosis in dogs using a DPP® (rapid test) as a screening test and an immunoenzymatic assay (ELISA) as a confirmatory test (DPP®+ELISA), and culling infected dogs as a legal control measure. However, the accuracy of these serological tests has been questioned. METHODS: VL in dogs was investigated in a non-endemic area of the São Paulo state for three consecutive years, and the performances of different diagnostic tests were compared. RESULTS: A total of 331 dog samples were collected in 2015, 373 in 2016, and 347 in 2017. The seroprevalence by DPP®+ELISA was 3.3, 3.2, and 0.3%, respectively, and by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), it was 3.0, 5.6, and 5.5%, respectively. ELISA confirmed 18.4% of DPP® positive samples. The concordance between the IFA and DPP® was 83.9%. The concordance between IFA and DPP®+ELISA was 92.9%. A molecular diagnostic test (PCR) was performed in 63.2% of the seropositive samples, all of which were negative. CONCLUSIONS: In non-endemic areas, diagnostic tests in dogs should be carefully evaluated to avoid false results.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0182-2021 72 downloads

14.

Caracterização do fruto cruá vermelho (Sicana odorifera Naudin) e acompanhamento da estabilidade de seus compostos bioativos durante o armazenamento congelado
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Alves, Jonathan Neves de Carvalho

; Tebaldi, Victor Maximiliano Reis

; Nascimento, Kamila de Oliveira

; Carvalho, Elisângela Elena Nunes

; Soares, Rodrigo de Araújo

; Augusta, Ivanilda Maria

Brazilian Journal of Food Technology

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2021, Volume 24 elocation e2020007

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Cruá vermelho é um fruto aromático ainda pouco conhecido, originário da América Tropical, provavelmente do Brasil. É utilizado para fins alimentar, medicinal, repelente de insetos e aromatização de ambientes. Pouco se sabe acerca de suas características nutricionais. Diante do exposto, o presente trabalho visou realizar a caracterização física, físico-química e nutricional do fruto cruá vermelho. Os frutos foram caracterizados quanto a composição centesimal, pH, sólidos solúveis (SS), acidez titulável (AT), cálculo da ingestão diária recomendada (IDR), antocianinas, carotenoides totais, vitamina C e atividade antioxidante da polpa. A estabilidade dos carotenoides, da vitamina C e da cor dos frutos foi acompanhada durante 21 dias de armazenamento sob congelamento a -18 °C. Os carotenoides, a vitamina C e a cor do fruto foram afetados pelo congelamento durante o armazenamento. O fruto apresenta características apreciáveis do ponto de vista nutricional e funcional, uma vez que o consumo diário de 100 g de sua polpa fornece uma apreciável fração de nutrientes recomendados para ingestão diária por um indivíduo adulto. O fruto apresenta um baixo valor calórico, fato interessante para preparações dietéticas, além de apresentar capacidade antioxidante e compostos fitoquímicos de interesse para a saúde humana, como carotenoides e antocianinas. Em relação à preservação dos compostos bioativos apresentados pelo fruto, verificou-se que o congelamento não foi eficaz para a preservação de carotenoides e vitamina C. Diante de todas as características apresentadas, cruá vermelho se apresenta como uma excelente alternativa para inclusão na alimentação humana.

Abstract Musk cucumber (Sicana odorifera Naudin) is a still little-known aromatic fruit native of Tropical America, probably Brazil. It is used as food and insect repellent, for medicinal purposes, and to flavor environments. Little is known about its nutritional characteristics. In this context, this study aimed to perform the physical, physicochemical and nutritional characterization of musk cucumber. The fruits were characterized according to their chemical composition, pH, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), recommended daily intake (RDI), anthocyanins, total carotenoids, vitamin C, and antioxidant activity of the pulp. The stability of carotenoids, vitamin C, and fruit color was monitored for 21 days of frozen storage (-18 °C). Carotenoids, vitamin C, and fruit color were affected by freezing during storage. The fruit has appreciable characteristics from a nutritional and functional point of view, since the daily consumption of 100 g of its pulp provides a significant fraction of nutrients recommended for daily intake by an adult. The fruit presents low caloric value - an interesting fact for dietary preparations, in addition to having antioxidant capacity and phytochemicals of interest to human health, such as carotenoids and anthocyanins. Regarding the bioactive compounds present in the fruit, it was found that freezing was not effective to preserve carotenoids and vitamin C. Given all the characteristics presented, musk cucumber is an excellent alternative for inclusion in human diet.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-6723.00720 3 downloads

15.

Lutzomyia longipalpis: an update on this sand fly vector
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RÊGO, FELIPE D.

; SOARES, RODRIGO PEDRO

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 Nº 3 elocation e20200254

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Lutzomyia longipalpis is the most important vector of Leishmania infantum, the etiological agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the New World. It is a permissive vector susceptible to infection with several Leishmania species. One of the advantages that favors the study of this sand fly is the possibility of colonization in the laboratory. For this reason, several researchers around the world use this species as a model for different subjects including biology, insecticides testing, host-parasite interaction, physiology, genetics, proteomics, molecular biology, and saliva among others. In 2003, we published our first review (Soares & Turco 2003) on this vector covering several aspects of Lu. longipalpis. This current review summarizes what has been published between 2003-2020. During this period, modern approaches were incorporated following the development of more advanced and sensitive techniques to assess this sand fly.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120200254 397 downloads

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